From earliest prehistory humans evolve with earth, sky, water, plants and animals. With the earth for protection early gatherers and tenders to the wild make the first village communities. Herding, pasturing, dairying and corralling initiate planting 10,000 BCE worldwide. From earth rock free nomadic peoples and pastoralists raise strongholds for ceramics, textiles, metal smelting and quartz glass to emerge.
First cities 10,000 BCE worldwide
With the atmosphere, rivers, plants and animals North African Arabian and Taurus Zagros Mesopotamian peoples make first their habitations then materials of trade. Natural minerals lapis Lazuli and Turquoise define precious goods exchange with silk and spices from the East. Copper smelting Levant Negev alchemists 5000 BCE transact with Scythian nomad goldsmiths of the open Central Asian Steppe.
African ancient Egyptian mineral Lapis Lazuli in beautiful precious materials exchange comes in value to Mediterranean seafarers whose Ethiopian Opal is treasured between Cleopatra and Marcus Antonius.
Natural mineral Ethiopian Opal
African Arabian scholars note phases of the moon and develop optics. In the renaissance Galileo 1610 observes Jupiter’s lunar satellites and that “it is joined by a new wandering star” Neptune. At the Manor House Woolsthorpe near Grantham Lincolnshire 1666 Newton in relief from Cambridge proposes universal gravitation to describe the masses in motion of planets around the sun. Enlightenment advances in France see Diderot of Encyclopedia note identify all matter as sensate to meet with the liberty and equality of Robespierre.
18th century European trading port
Celtic Guinevere comes in along the Avon through the Somerset levels to the wetlands Avalon marshes. Pre-Raphaelite Christina Rossetti in the deep midwinter is beautiful with her heart. In the textile mills of Lancashire factory girls make it through the romantic era. Through impressionist and natural realist tonalism of Turner, Monet, Whistler and Warhol the experimental new age of Aquarius emerges in acid house rave 21st century life affirmation.
From the Romantic era to the Age of Aquarius